The basic Neuroscience course covers the span from physics to psychology, from matter to mind. It starts with the biophysics underlying the activities of nerve cells and then goes into the mechanisms of communication between nerve cells via synapses. It touches upon the implementation of simple logic using neural circuits, and the inspiration behind neural networks in Artificial Intelligence. It then gives a brief overview of neuroanatomy in mammals and compares that with other taxa. This is followed by an exploration of how our senses work and how the brain generates action. Finally, some topics in Neuroethology, illustrating how the nervous systems of various animals have evolved to solve similar problems they face in their natural environments. This includes vision in frogs, sound localization in owls, echolocation in bats, electroreception in fish, vocal communication, learning, decision-making, etc. The course ends with an appreciation of highly intelligent behaviours like tool making and theory of mind in non-human animals.