Non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological disorders are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The complexity of these conditions is often compounded by genetic variation among individuals, resulting in substantial differences in disease presentation, prognosis, and treatment response. Indeed, many currently available therapies are effective in only a subset of patients, highlighting the limitations of the traditional “one disease, one drug” approach. In response, modern medicine is undergoing a paradigm shift toward personalized healthcare and medicine, which seeks to improve patient outcomes through individualized prevention, diagnosis, and treatment strategies.

This elective course introduces students to the foundational concepts, technologies, and emerging trends that underpin personalized healthcare and medicine. It explores the role of early genetic testing, risk stratification, and preemptive interventions aimed at delaying or preventing disease onset. Students will examine how advances in molecular diagnostics, functional genomics, data analytics, and real-time health monitoring are transforming disease management and enabling more precise, patient-centered care. The course also highlights the potential of personalized medicine to improve outcomes through prevention, early and accurate diagnosis, targeted interventions, and long-term patient support. Through case studies and discussions of national policies and healthcare initiatives, students will gain insight into the implementation of personalized healthcare and medicine across different levels of the healthcare system.